Hooking and Signaling: Training and Practice Requirements

The terms “slinging course,” “lashing course,” and “G11 course” are often used interchangeably. This can easily lead to misunderstandings. Anyone who attaches a load to a crane needs knowledge of lifting equipment, slinging, signaling, and safe procedures, but the appropriate training program depends on the task, the equipment, and the requirements at the worksite.

This guide explains the difference between theoretical knowledge, practical training, and the formal G11 module, which may be included in certified crane operator training.

What does a hook setter and signaler do?

The rigger attaches the load to the lifting device and must, among other things, select the appropriate lifting gear, inspect the equipment, assess the center of gravity, and ensure that the load is secured before the lift begins. The signaler communicates with the crane operator when the operator does not have a full view of the situation or when the lift requires coordination.

In smaller lifting operations, the same person may perform both roles. In any case, responsibilities must be clearly defined, communication procedures must be agreed upon, and the hazard zone must be controlled.

Is the G11 crane operator course required by law?

The most precise answer is that the employer must assess the work and provide the necessary training. Section 10-1 of the Regulations on the Performance of Work applies to work equipment that, following a risk assessment, requires special caution. The Norwegian Labor Inspection Authority cites both work equipment for suspended loads and lifting devices as examples. According to § 10-2, relevant training must include both practical and theoretical knowledge, and the training must be documented.

See the regulations and explanatory notes on the Norwegian Labor Inspection Authority's website.

“G11” is also the name of a separate training module for lifting equipment that is used as a sub-competency in certified training for certain crane operators. The Norwegian Labor Inspection Authority’s training plan for Module 2.3 covers both theory and basic practical skills. An online-only course should therefore not be presented as the entire formal G11 module.

What should the theory section include?

• roles, responsibilities, and secure communication
• Marking, Capacity, and Inspection of Lifting Equipment
• straps, chains, shackles, and other fasteners
• center of gravity, lift angles, and load distribution
• signals and communication with the crane operator
• risk assessment, hazard zone, and safe location
• Criteria for rejection and handling of discrepancies

Why is hands-on training necessary?

Theory provides a common language and makes it easier to understand why a lift can be dangerous. Hands-on training demonstrates whether the participant can actually operate the equipment, select the correct tools, secure the load, and communicate safely in realistic situations.

The employer must also provide training on the specific equipment, local procedures, and the conditions under which the lifting will take place. The documentation should indicate who received training, what it covered, who provided it, and when it was conducted.

Checklist for Employers

1. Identify the lifting operations and types of equipment that employees will be working with.
2. Assess the risk and determine whether documented or certified training is required.
3. Complete the relevant theory and knowledge test.
4. Conduct and document practical and equipment-specific training.
5. Determine whether the employee can perform the task safely before allowing them to work independently.
6. Provide new training whenever equipment, methods, roles, or risks change.

What is the difference between a hook operator course and a crane operator course?

The rigger course focuses on the load, the lifting equipment, and communication with the crane operator. A crane operator course focuses on operating a specific type of crane. The crane operator and the rigger work together, but their roles involve different tasks and may have different training requirements.